Bladder and pelvic issues, as well as sexual health concerns, can be signs of underlying medical problems that may require attention from a urologist. Dr. Hazem Elmansy, a urologist at Houston Methodist, emphasizes the importance of not dismissing these symptoms. “Urologic symptoms often get brushed off as part of aging or something to just live with,” says Dr. Elmansy. “But many of these symptoms are treatable and ignoring them can not only lead to reduced quality of life but significant health issues in some cases.”
A urologist specializes in treating conditions related to the bladder, kidneys, urinary system, and reproductive systems for both men and women. Evaluation by a urologist may include a review of symptoms, health history, physical examination, laboratory tests, imaging studies, or other diagnostic procedures.
There are several reasons why someone might be referred to a urologist:
1. Incontinence: Urinary leakage during activities like coughing or sneezing (stress incontinence) or sudden urges (overactive bladder) can disrupt daily life. According to Dr. Elmansy, “In many cases, lifestyle changes and medications can help improve urinary incontinence,” adding that surgical treatments are also available when necessary.
2. Blood in urine: Noticing blood—either visible or detected through testing—is always cause for concern. “Blood in the urine, which is called hematuria, can be caused by an infection, kidney stones or enlarged prostate,” explains Dr. Elmansy. He adds that it could also indicate more serious conditions such as bladder or kidney cancer.
3. Prostate problems: Men experiencing difficulty urinating or blood in the urine could have benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), an enlarged prostate condition that can result in further complications if untreated. Dr. Elmansy states: “Benign enlargement of the prostate can be treated with a combination of medications or minimally invasive surgical techniques.” Treatment plans depend on individual patient needs.
4. Male sexual health: Urologists also address male sexual and reproductive issues such as low testosterone levels, erectile dysfunction, infertility, and vasectomy procedures for contraception. Dr. Elmansy notes the broader impact of these issues: “These issues can impact not just physical health but emotional well-being and relationships, so don’t hesitate to seek care.”
5. Kidney stones: Symptoms such as severe pain in the lower abdomen or back and blood in the urine may indicate kidney stones requiring diagnosis and treatment by a urologist.
6. Recurring urinary tract infections (UTIs): Frequent UTIs—defined as two or more within six months or three within one year—may prompt referral to a specialist clinic for further evaluation and management strategies tailored to individual risk factors.
Men are also reminded about regular prostate cancer screening once they reach appropriate ages based on their risk profile:
– Those at higher risk—including Black men and those with family histories—should discuss screening between ages 40–45.
– Average-risk men should begin discussions at age 50.
Screening starts with a PSA blood test; elevated results typically lead to follow-up with a urologist.
Dr. Elmansy concludes by stressing early detection through routine conversations about prostate cancer screening even before any symptoms develop.
